Why the fax machine was the first internet (Bleep. Crackle. Screech. Crackle. Bleep.)


Most people think fax machines are outdated relics, but they were actually a pivotal form of direct communication across vast distances.

In fact, fax machines are still regularly used in countries like the UK, Germany, Japan, and the US - especially in industries like healthcare and politics (for classified documents).

And it’s not just about clinging to the past - faxed documents are still considered far safer than digital ones.

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In the name of security, where modern public bodies have ditched paper filing systems, a hack can mean total data loss – with no effective backup.

The fax machine didn’t need the cloud – it was the cloud before the cloud. Documents were sent straight from sender to receiver, no middleman needed.

It almost feels cyberpunk now, considering the screeching you’d get after the bleeping.

A cyber cafe in Morocco.
Image by UCG via Getty

Fax machines worked peer-to-peer with no servers, platforms, or accounts required, and they transmitted physical data over analog lines, line by line, in real time -no storage, no delay.

Essentially, they were decentralized by design, like the early internet, but even more direct. Fax numbers functioned like proto-IP addresses – unique, reachable destinations.

Where modern digital systems can be hacked, wiped, or locked out of, fax offers a weird form of resilience.

Its presence shows a deeper distrust in digital centralization – especially when sensitive data is involved.

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In an age obsessed with sleek interfaces, fax reminds us that clunky doesn’t mean weak -it can mean bulletproof, and that’s something to treasure.

Marcus Walsh profile Niamh Ancell BW Gintaras Radauskas Ernestas Naprys
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